Body Image and Self-Concept among Young Adults: A Comparative Study among Gym-Goers and Non-Gym-Goers across Gender

Abstract

Body image and self-concept are closely intertwined dimensions of psychological well-being that are increasingly influenced by fitness culture among young adults. The present study examined the association between body image and self-concept in young adults, with particular focus on the role of their gym participation and their gender. A cross-sectional comparison design was employed, with 200 young adults aged between 19 and 25 years. A convenience sampling strategy was used to recruit participants. Body image was measured using the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP) developed by Fox and Corbin (1989). Results revealed that a significant positive correlation was observed between body image and self-concept. Gym-goers demonstrated stronger body image and self-concept associations than non-gym-goers and males scored significantly higher than females on both variables. These findings highlight the gym environment as a psychologically significant context that amplifies the body image and self-concept relationship, with pronounced gender-based differences.