Study of Quality of Life as a Function of Gender and Type of Residence in The Elderly

Abstract

This study explored the influence of place of residence and gender on the quality of life among the elderly. The sample consisted of 120 elderly people aged 60 to 75 years, residing either in old age homes or in their own homes in Bhopal. Quality of life and its domains were assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). MANOVA was employed, followed by univariate analysis to examine domain-specific effects. The findings revealed that overall quality of life was significantly influenced by the place of residence, with elderly individuals living in their own homes reporting a higher quality of life across all domains compared to those residing in old-age homes. In contrast, gender did not show a statistically significant influence on quality of life. The findings are interpreted in light of Activity Theory and Continuity Theory, which emphasise autonomy, social interaction and environmental support as key components of successful ageing. The study highlights the need for ageing-in-place programs and initiatives aimed at enhancing the psychosocial and environmental well-being of the elderly.