Exploring The Role of Shiva-Shakti in Mental Health and Well-Being: A Review Study

Abstract

This systematic review explores the conceptual understanding of Shiva-Shakti in Eastern philosophy and evaluates its potential to facilitate mental health and well-being. Following the PRISMA approach, 56 studies were considered from the available literature to address two objectives mainly- first, to understand the conceptualization of Shiva-Shakti in Eastern philosophy, and second, to examine how the Shiva-Shakti orientation supports mental health and well-being. The reviewed literature emphasizes their non-dual union —Shiva representing pure consciousness and the masculine principle whereas Shakti symbolizing dynamic creative energy and the feminine principle. Together, they are seen as complementary forces within the individual rather than as rigid opposites, whose integration is linked to emotional balance, trauma recovery, and deeper self-awareness. These principles appear across therapeutic practices, spiritual disciplines, and cultural narratives, especially within Indian psychology. While the symbolic and experiential significance of this framework is widely acknowledged, the review identifies key gaps in empirical validation, standardized tools, and clinical application. Future research should aim to explore how Shiva–Shakti integration can be systematically applied in contemporary mental health care through culturally informed and evidence-based approaches.